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finance

  1. Rank 1. Wall Street banks face rate test after blockbuster first half of 2026Source europesays.com

    Wall Street's largest banks entered the second half of 2026 after one of their most profitable six-month runs in at least a decade, according to Europe Says. Rising interest rates that surged after that period are now testing whether the boom can continue, the report says.

    Topics: banking and creditbankingratesearnings

    Why it ranked: Higher rates after a record-profitable stretch could compress net interest margins and trading revenues at the largest US banks, affecting credit conditions and corporate borrowing costs.

    read source: Wall Street banks face rate test after blockbuster first half of 2026

  2. Rank 2. Tanker captains earn up to $100,000 a month to transit Strait of HormuzSource abc.net.au

    Oil tanker captains in the Persian Gulf are being paid up to $100,000 a month to navigate the Strait of Hormuz, according to industry insiders and maritime unions cited by ABC. The premium reflects the elevated risk of transiting one of the world's most critical oil shipping chokepoints.

    Topics: markets and assetscommoditiestrade

    Why it ranked: Sustained risk premiums on Hormuz transits raise shipping costs for a chokepoint that carries roughly a fifth of global oil supply, putting upward pressure on energy prices worldwide.

    read source: Tanker captains earn up to $100,000 a month to transit Strait of Hormuz

  3. Rank 3. RBI opens dollar window for oil firms and tightens forex rules as rupee nears record lowSource livemint.com

    The Reserve Bank of India announced on October 10, 2026 that it would open a special foreign-exchange window from October 12 to supply dollars directly to three state-run oil companies; Indian Oil, Hindustan Petroleum, and Bharat Petroleum; and tightened rules on currency derivatives, cutting the threshold for unbacked derivative positions from $100 million to $5 million, according to Livemint. The steps aim to reduce foreign-exchange market demand and volatility as the rupee trades near its record low.

    Topics: economy and central bankscentral bankscurrenciescommodities

    Why it ranked: The RBI's direct dollar supply to state oil refiners and tighter derivative limits are designed to curb speculative demand and stabilize the rupee, affecting forward premiums and import costs across India's economy.

    read source: RBI opens dollar window for oil firms and tightens forex rules as rupee nears record low

  4. Rank 4. China's central bank says it will not weaken the yuan for trade advantageSource europesays.com

    China's central bank said on October 8, 2026 that it has no need or intention to use yuan depreciation as a tool for trade competitive advantage and has never engaged in competitive currency devaluation, according to Europe Says. The statement came as trade tensions remained elevated.

    Topics: economy and central bankscentral bankscurrenciestrade

    Why it ranked: A public pledge by China's central bank against competitive devaluation bears on currency stability expectations for trading partners and on the trajectory of ongoing trade disputes.

    read source: China's central bank says it will not weaken the yuan for trade advantage

  5. Rank 5. Economist warns second RBA rate hike could push Australia close to recessionSource nine.com.au

    Major Australian banks are bracing for a Reserve Bank of Australia rate hike in November 2026, and a leading economist warns that a follow-up rise could bring the country very close to recession, according to Nine.com.au. The report does not name the economist or specify the size of the anticipated increase.

    Topics: economy and central bankscentral banksrateseconomy

    Why it ranked: A potential back-to-back RBA rate increase could tip Australia's economy toward recession, affecting household borrowing costs, consumer spending, and the broader Asia-Pacific financial outlook.

    read source: Economist warns second RBA rate hike could push Australia close to recession

  6. Rank 6. Nvidia in talks to buy or expand $800M stake in AI startup Reflection AISource seekingalpha.com

    Nvidia is in talks to buy or increase its existing $800 million stake in Reflection AI, a US startup focused on developing open-weight AI models, according to Seeking Alpha. No deal terms or timeline were disclosed.

    Topics: companies and dealsequitiesprivate markets

    Why it ranked: A potential acquisition or stake increase by Nvidia in Reflection AI would expand the chipmaker's position in open-weight model development, affecting competition among AI infrastructure providers.

    read source: Nvidia in talks to buy or expand $800M stake in AI startup Reflection AI

finance

  1. Rank 1. India bonds fall for eighth week as RBI raises repo rate to 5.50%Source economictimes.indiatimes.com

    India's government bonds fell for an eighth consecutive week on October 9, 2026, as the Reserve Bank of India raised its repo rate to 5.50% and signaled further tightening, according to The Economic Times. Soaring oil prices compounded the pressure, and economists cited by the outlet expect the rate to rise to at least 6.00%. The benchmark bond yield surged, reflecting a drop in investor confidence.

    Topics: economy and central banksbondscentral banksrateseconomy

    Why it ranked: The RBI's rate increase to 5.50% and the prospect of further hikes to at least 6.00% raise borrowing costs for the Indian government and corporate issuers at a time when oil prices are already straining the economy.

    read source: India bonds fall for eighth week as RBI raises repo rate to 5.50%

  2. Rank 2. India's central bank to sell $2.6 billion in bonds and tighten reserve rulesSource marketscreener.com

    India's central bank announced on October 9, 2026, that it would sell $2.6 billion of bonds in the next round of open market operations and tighten the daily maintenance requirement for the cash reserve ratio, according to MarketScreener. The moves are aimed at draining rupee liquidity from the banking system. Two publishers covered the announcement.

    Topics: economy and central bankscentral banksbondsbankingeconomy

    Why it ranked: The combined bond sale and tighter cash reserve maintenance will reduce rupee liquidity available to Indian banks, affecting credit conditions across the banking system.

    read source: India's central bank to sell $2.6 billion in bonds and tighten reserve rules

  3. Rank 3. Turkey's central bank bought $10 billion in foreign currency in one week, traders saySource marketscreener.com

    Turkey's central bank bought about $10 billion in foreign currency during the week of October 9, 2026, according to traders cited by MarketScreener. The purchase followed roughly $9.5 billion in foreign-currency sales in September, which the source linked to market turmoil connected to a recent crisis in the investment fund sector.

    Topics: economy and central bankscentral bankscurrencieseconomy

    Why it ranked: A $10 billion central-bank purchase after $9.5 billion in September sales points to continued volatility in Turkish currency markets and ongoing stress in the country's investment fund sector.

    read source: Turkey's central bank bought $10 billion in foreign currency in one week, traders say

  4. Rank 4. Delta posts first earnings miss in two years as fuel costs jump 62%Source fortune.com

    Delta Air Lines reported its first earnings miss in two years, driven by a 62% jump in fuel costs, Fortune reported on October 9, 2026. CEO Ed Bastian addressed the carrier's decision not to use Starlink, saying the move was "business, not personal" in reference to a dispute with Elon Musk. The miss came ahead of Delta's next scheduled quarterly report.

    Topics: companies and dealsearningsequities

    Why it ranked: Delta's fuel-driven earnings miss and the CEO's public comments about the Starlink decision draw attention to rising operating costs across the airline sector.

    read source: Delta posts first earnings miss in two years as fuel costs jump 62%

  5. Rank 5. Netflix reportedly plans to cut 5% of its workforce ahead of October 20 earningsSource livemint.com

    Netflix is reportedly preparing to cut about 5% of its workforce as early as the week of October 13, 2026, according to a report cited by Livemint. The company has expanded into live events, podcasts, and games while pursuing new revenue streams. Netflix is scheduled to report quarterly earnings on October 20, 2026.

    Topics: companies and dealsearningsequities

    Why it ranked: A reported 5% workforce reduction at Netflix, if confirmed, would affect thousands of employees and comes days before the company's quarterly earnings report on October 20.

    read source: Netflix reportedly plans to cut 5% of its workforce ahead of October 20 earnings

  6. Rank 6. Warner Bros. Discovery executives collected $1.1 billion in merger-related paySource deadline.com

    Five top executives at Warner Bros. Discovery collected more than $1.1 billion in compensation tied to the company's merger with Paramount, completed during the week of October 9, 2026, according to Deadline. The outlet described the payments as related to this week's merger with Skydance.

    Topics: companies and dealsmergers acquisitionsequities

    Why it ranked: The $1.1 billion in executive compensation tied to the Warner Bros. Discovery and Paramount merger is among the largest disclosed executive payouts from a single media transaction.

    read source: Warner Bros. Discovery executives collected $1.1 billion in merger-related pay

finance

  1. Rank 1. Fed's Musalem calls for another rate hike to hit 2% inflation targetSource marketscreener.com

    St. Louis Federal Reserve President Alberto Musalem said on October 8, 2026 that the US central bank will need to hike interest rates again to bring inflation back to its 2% target, though he declined to specify timing, according to MarketScreener. The statement came as US stocks fell on the same day, with The Economic Times reporting that higher Treasury yields and surging crude oil prices were raising inflation concerns among investors.

    Topics: economy and central bankscentral banksratesinflationeconomy

    Why it ranked: A Fed official's public call for additional rate hikes directly affects borrowing costs for US households, businesses, and Treasury markets.

    read source: Fed's Musalem calls for another rate hike to hit 2% inflation target

  2. Rank 2. PepsiCo cuts 2026 profit outlook as North America demand weakensSource economictimes.indiatimes.com

    PepsiCo cut its fiscal 2026 core earnings-per-share growth forecast to 1% to 2%, down from prior guidance, and now expects annual organic revenue growth of approximately 3%, according to The Economic Times on October 8, 2026. CEO Ramon Laguarta said the company would roll out further cost-cutting measures in response to rising input costs and a slowdown in consumer demand, particularly in its North American business.

    Topics: companies and dealsearningseconomyinflation

    Why it ranked: PepsiCo's guidance cut and planned cost reductions reflect broader consumer-spending pressure in North America that may affect other large consumer-staples companies reporting earnings in the same period.

    read source: PepsiCo cuts 2026 profit outlook as North America demand weakens

  3. Rank 3. NY Fed says Trump tariffs prevented consumer price declines in 2025 and early 2026Source businessinsider.com

    Consumer prices for many goods would have fallen throughout most of 2025 and into early 2026 were it not for tariffs, according to the New York Fed, Business Insider reported on October 8, 2026. The finding attributes sustained consumer price pressure directly to US trade policy rather than to underlying demand or supply conditions.

    Topics: economy and central banksinflationeconomytradefiscal policy

    Why it ranked: The New York Fed's finding that tariffs held consumer prices above where they would otherwise have fallen bears directly on the Federal Reserve's inflation assessment and the trajectory of US monetary policy.

    read source: NY Fed says Trump tariffs prevented consumer price declines in 2025 and early 2026

  4. Rank 4. China's central bank says it will not weaken yuan for trade advantageSource economictimes.indiatimes.com

    China's central bank said on October 8, 2026 that it has no need or intention to depreciate the yuan to gain a competitive trade advantage, and that the market plays a decisive role in determining exchange rates, according to The Economic Times. The bank added that it will not set exchange rate targets or intervene in long-term trends, and that starting in 2027 it will report additional foreign exchange data to the International Monetary Fund.

    Topics: economy and central bankscentral bankscurrenciestradeeconomy

    Why it ranked: China's public commitment against competitive yuan depreciation and its pledge to expand IMF foreign exchange reporting affects currency expectations for trading partners and investors holding yuan-denominated assets.

    read source: China's central bank says it will not weaken yuan for trade advantage

  5. Rank 5. RBI rate hike seen failing to stem India's $30 billion equity outflowsSource economictimes.indiatimes.com

    India's Reserve Bank rate hike, its first in four years, is unlikely to stop record capital outflows or ease pressure on the rupee, which has fallen 7% in 2026, according to The Economic Times on October 8, 2026. Foreign investors have withdrawn $30 billion from Indian equities, and rising hedging costs alongside narrowing India-US rate differentials are reducing the appeal of Indian stocks and bonds.

    Topics: economy and central bankscentral banksratescurrenciesequities

    Why it ranked: A $30 billion foreign equity withdrawal and a 7% rupee decline put pressure on Indian financial markets and complicate the Reserve Bank's ability to stabilize the currency through conventional rate policy.

    read source: RBI rate hike seen failing to stem India's $30 billion equity outflows

  6. Rank 6. Treasury issues first $200,000 penalty under Outbound Investment Security ProgramSource thompsonhinesmartrade.com

    The US Department of the Treasury on October 7, 2026 imposed a $200,000 civil penalty against US company Amidi, its first enforcement action under the Outbound Investment Security Program, according to Thompson Hine. The penalty marks the first use of the program, which restricts certain US investments in foreign entities deemed to pose national security risks.

    Topics: regulation and policyregulationfinancial crime

    Why it ranked: The first enforcement action under the Outbound Investment Security Program signals that Treasury is actively applying the outbound investment rules, which affects US companies with investments in covered foreign sectors.

    read source: Treasury issues first $200,000 penalty under Outbound Investment Security Program

finance

  1. Rank 1. SpaceX in talks with Apollo and banks to finance a $40 billion Nvidia chip buySource cnbc.com

    Apollo and several banks are in talks with SpaceX to help finance a $40 billion purchase of Nvidia GPUs, CNBC reported on October 7, 2026, citing a person familiar with the talks. The deal would rely mainly on the investment-grade debt market and would likely use the GPUs as collateral. SpaceX raised $25 billion in bonds two weeks after its June IPO, and the Financial Times first reported the talks.

    Topics: capital marketsbondscreditprivate markets

    Why it ranked: Sources told CNBC that more AI-related debt sales are expected and that fixed-income investors are demanding higher yields to buy them.

    read source: SpaceX in talks with Apollo and banks to finance a $40 billion Nvidia chip buy

  2. Rank 2. India's central bank raises repo rate to 5.50% for first time in four yearsSource channelnewsasia.com

    The Reserve Bank of India raised its repo rate for the first time in nearly four years, lifting it to 5.50%, CNA reported on October 7. The central bank also raised its inflation forecast to 5.2% for the financial year and revised its GDP growth outlook up to 7.1%, and signalled further rate hikes ahead.

    Topics: economy and central bankscentral banksratesinflationeconomy

    Why it ranked: The RBI's first rate hike in nearly four years, combined with a higher inflation forecast and a signal of further tightening, directly affects borrowing costs for Indian households, businesses, and banks across one of the world's largest economies.

    read source: India's central bank raises repo rate to 5.50% for first time in four years

  3. Rank 3. UK court quashes convictions of five traders jailed for rate riggingSource thestar.com

    A British court on October 7 quashed the convictions of five traders who had been jailed for manipulating benchmark interest rates in what the Associated Press described as one of the biggest banking scandals to emerge from the financial crisis. The Toronto Star reported the ruling, which overturns sentences handed down in one of the most prominent post-crisis enforcement actions in the UK.

    Topics: financial crime and riskfinancial crimebankingregulation

    Why it ranked: The ruling overturns some of the most prominent criminal convictions to come out of the LIBOR scandal, with direct consequences for the UK's post-crisis enforcement record and the traders who served prison sentences.

    read source: UK court quashes convictions of five traders jailed for rate rigging

  4. Rank 4. Constellation Brands beats earnings as beer gains share but demand outlook cloudsSource cnbc.com

    Constellation Brands beat earnings and revenue expectations in its latest quarter, CNBC reported on October 7, as beer brands gained market share. The company said inventory rebuilding and consumer caution clouded the demand outlook.

    Topics: companies and dealsearningsequities

    Why it ranked: Constellation Brands' results and its cautious demand commentary offer a read on US consumer spending on alcohol, affecting suppliers, distributors, and retailers tied to its beer portfolio.

    read source: Constellation Brands beats earnings as beer gains share but demand outlook clouds

  5. Rank 5. Anglo American's $54 billion Teck merger awaits antitrust approval, CEO saysSource bnnbloomberg.ca

    Anglo American's proposed $54 billion merger with Canada's Teck Resources and the planned sale of its Brazilian nickel business are awaiting antitrust approval, CEO Duncan Wanblad said on October 7. Wanblad described both transactions as test cases for navigating geopolitical complexities, according to BNN Bloomberg.

    Topics: companies and dealsmergers acquisitionscommoditiesregulation

    Why it ranked: A $54 billion mining merger between Anglo American and Teck Resources would reshape the global supply of copper and other critical minerals, with antitrust outcomes affecting both companies' shareholders and commodity markets.

    read source: Anglo American's $54 billion Teck merger awaits antitrust approval, CEO says

  6. Rank 6. Tether signs deal with Kazakhstan's central bank to study a tenge stablecoinSource decrypt.co

    Tether, the issuer of the USDT stablecoin, signed a deal with Kazakhstan's central bank on October 7 to study a tenge-pegged token and explore putting real-world assets on a blockchain, Decrypt reported. The agreement makes Kazakhstan one of the first countries to work directly with Tether on a central-bank digital currency study.

    Topics: digital assetsdigital assetscentral bankspayments

    Why it ranked: The agreement between Tether and Kazakhstan's central bank to explore a tenge-pegged token and tokenized real-world assets could influence how other emerging-market central banks approach stablecoin and blockchain pilots.

    read source: Tether signs deal with Kazakhstan's central bank to study a tenge stablecoin

finance

  1. Rank 1. Erebor Bank reportedly holds more than $7 billion in depositsSource crowdfundinsider.com

    Erebor Bank, the Columbus, Ohio digital bank founded by Palmer Luckey and Joe Lonsdale in 2023, reportedly now holds $7 billion in deposits, Crowdfund Insider reports, citing the Financial Times. Public filings show Erebor held $4.65 billion in total assets and more than $4 billion in deposits at the end of the second quarter of 2026. The bank was approved for its charter in February 2026.

    Topics: banking and creditbankingfintech

    Why it ranked: Erebor’s growth moves it toward the “globally systemically important bank” status an earlier FT report said it wants, though JPMorgan Chase holds more than $2.8 trillion in deposits.

    read source: Erebor Bank reportedly holds more than $7 billion in deposits

  2. Rank 2. SEC opens five-year path for tokenized stock trading on permissioned blockchainsSource davispolk.com

    The SEC has created a five-year innovation exemption allowing a permissioned blockchain system that uses automated market makers to trade tokenized versions of exchange-listed stocks, according to Davis Polk. The program opens a regulated path for tokenized equity trading that did not previously exist under US securities law.

    Topics: regulation and policyregulationdigital assetsmarket structureequities

    Why it ranked: The exemption creates a new regulatory framework that could reshape how exchange-listed equities are issued and traded, affecting US securities markets and the firms building tokenized-asset infrastructure.

    read source: SEC opens five-year path for tokenized stock trading on permissioned blockchains

  3. Rank 3. Marvell stock nears $300 after investor-day revenue guidance raiseSource seekingalpha.com

    Marvell Technology stock approached the $300 level on October 6, 2026, after the company raised its revenue guidance at an investor day, according to Seeking Alpha. The guidance boost drove a sharp move in the shares.

    Topics: companies and dealsequitiesearnings

    Why it ranked: A guidance raise at Marvell's investor day moved the stock toward $300, a level that affects index weightings and options positioning for a large-cap semiconductor company.

    read source: Marvell stock nears $300 after investor-day revenue guidance raise

  4. Rank 4. S&P 500 and Nasdaq reach record highs as Treasury yields and oil prices fallSource economictimes.indiatimes.com

    The S&P 500 and Nasdaq hit all-time highs on October 6, 2026, as falling Treasury yields and easing oil prices lifted technology stocks, according to The Economic Times. Most of the Magnificent Seven rose, though Apple and Alphabet posted minor losses. Investors were described as optimistic ahead of the upcoming earnings season, particularly for technology companies.

    Topics: markets and assetsequitiesbondscommodities

    Why it ranked: Record closes on both the S&P 500 and Nasdaq set new benchmarks for pension funds, index funds, and derivatives tied to those indices.

    read source: S&P 500 and Nasdaq reach record highs as Treasury yields and oil prices fall

  5. Rank 5. ZIM Integrated Shipping raises full-year EBITDA guidance by about 30%Source seekingalpha.com

    ZIM Integrated Shipping raised its full-year 2026 adjusted EBITDA guidance by roughly 30% at the midpoint on October 6, 2026, citing continued strong market demand and favorable freight-rate momentum, according to Seeking Alpha. The stock rose following the announcement.

    Topics: companies and dealsearningscommodities

    Why it ranked: A 30% guidance raise at ZIM signals sustained freight-rate strength that affects shipping costs for importers and exporters relying on container trade routes.

    read source: ZIM Integrated Shipping raises full-year EBITDA guidance by about 30%

  6. Rank 6. Goldman Sachs warns US debt could hit 132% of GDP by 2035Source hindustantimes.com

    Goldman Sachs warned that US debt could reach 132% of GDP by 2035 if higher interest rates continue to raise borrowing costs, adding pressure on the federal budget and deficit, according to the Hindustan Times. The projection was published on October 6, 2026.

    Topics: economy and central bankseconomyfiscal policyratesbonds

    Why it ranked: Goldman Sachs's projection that US debt could reach 132% of GDP by 2035 bears on Treasury market pricing and the fiscal constraints facing future US administrations.

    read source: Goldman Sachs warns US debt could hit 132% of GDP by 2035

finance

  1. Rank 1. Bank of France chief warns France risks being strangled by rising ratesSource marketscreener.com

    Bank of France governor Emmanuel Moulin warned in remarks published by the Financial Times on October 5, 2026, that France risks being "strangled by rising interest rates" unless it moves to clean up its public finances. Moulin's comments came as French assets faced political turmoil and European bond markets remained unsettled.

    Topics: economy and central bankseconomycentral banksratesfiscal policy

    Why it ranked: A warning from the Bank of France governor that the state faces fiscal strangulation from rising interest rates bears directly on French sovereign borrowing costs and broader eurozone bond market stability.

    read source: Bank of France chief warns France risks being strangled by rising rates

  2. Rank 2. RBI MPC meets as $100 oil and inflation push economists to expect rate hikeSource freepressjournal.in

    India's Reserve Bank Monetary Policy Committee began a three-day meeting on October 5, 2026, with crude oil above $100 a barrel and the rupee under pressure. Economists cited by the Free Press Journal expect the committee to consider a 25-basis-point repo rate hike, driven by higher energy costs, food inflation, and rising global bond yields.

    Topics: economy and central bankscentral banksratesinflationeconomy

    Why it ranked: A potential 25-basis-point repo rate increase by the RBI would raise borrowing costs across India's economy at a moment when crude oil above $100 a barrel is already squeezing households and businesses.

    read source: RBI MPC meets as $100 oil and inflation push economists to expect rate hike

  3. Rank 3. BOJ set to declare underlying inflation has reached 2%, sources saySource japantimes.co.jp

    The Bank of Japan is set to declare that underlying inflation has reached its 2% target, according to sources cited by The Japan Times, with the announcement expected as early as October 30, 2026, in the BOJ's quarterly Outlook for Economic Activity and Prices report.

    Topics: economy and central bankscentral banksratesinflationeconomy

    Why it ranked: A BOJ declaration that underlying inflation has reached 2% would mark a turning point for Japanese monetary policy and could affect global bond markets and the yen.

    read source: BOJ set to declare underlying inflation has reached 2%, sources say

  4. Rank 4. Putin approves UniCredit's plan to sell its Russian bank at up to €3.3B lossSource united24media.com

    Vladimir Putin signed an order on or before October 5, 2026, allowing Italian bank UniCredit to sell 100% of its Russian subsidiary, according to UNITED24 Media. UniCredit estimates the exit will result in a loss of 3 to 3.3 billion euros by 2027.

    Topics: banking and creditbankingregulation

    Why it ranked: UniCredit's forced exit from Russia at an estimated loss of up to 3.3 billion euros by 2027 sets a concrete cost benchmark for Western banks still unwinding Russian operations.

    read source: Putin approves UniCredit's plan to sell its Russian bank at up to €3.3B loss

  5. Rank 5. Hilton and Marriott franchisee files for Chapter 11 amid SEC investigationSource masslive.com

    A hotel operator that owns properties under the Hilton and Marriott franchise brands filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection, according to MassLive, as it faced active lawsuits and an SEC investigation. Seven publishers covered the filing.

    Topics: financial crime and riskbankingcreditfinancial crimeregulation

    Why it ranked: The bankruptcy of a multi-brand hotel franchisee under active SEC investigation exposes Hilton and Marriott to franchise disruption and raises questions about oversight of their licensed operators.

    read source: Hilton and Marriott franchisee files for Chapter 11 amid SEC investigation

  6. Rank 6. Eurozone composite PMI hits 3.5-year high in September as inflation pressures buildSource economictimes.indiatimes.com

    The eurozone's S&P Global composite PMI rose to its highest level in more than three and a half years in September 2026, driven by strong services demand, according to The Economic Times. Spain and Ireland led gains while Germany's recovery accelerated, though inflation pressures increased and raised speculation about potential European Central Bank rate hikes.

    Topics: economy and central bankseconomycentral banksratesinflation

    Why it ranked: A eurozone composite PMI at a three-and-a-half-year high alongside rising inflation increases the likelihood that the ECB will face pressure to raise rates, affecting borrowing costs across the currency bloc.

    read source: Eurozone composite PMI hits 3.5-year high in September as inflation pressures build